Is Wellbutrin Addictive?

Wellbutrin is a prescription drug that can become addictive if misused. Wellbutrin, also known by its generic name bupropion, is a commonly prescribed medication for treating depression, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and nicotine addiction. Wellbutrin is also prescribed as a smoking cessation aid and is effective in treating tobacco dependence. While it can be highly effective for these conditions when used as directed by a medical professional, it is essential to be aware of the potential for Wellbutrin addiction. 

In this article, Avenues Recovery, experts in addiction rehab, define Wellbutrin, discuss whether Wellbutrin is addictive, and explore treatment options.

What Is Wellbutrin?

Wellbutrin is the brand name for the medication bupropion. It is an atypical antidepressant that is used to treat major depressive disorder, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and help people quit smoking by reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Wellbutrin is also prescribed for other depressive disorders, making it a versatile option for various mood conditions.

Wellbutrin helps balance out the chemicals in the brain. It can be taken in different forms like extended-release, sustained-release, or immediate-release tablets, and simply swallowed.

Individuals should consult their healthcare provider about potential interactions with other medications when taking Wellbutrin.

Wellbutrin Brand Names

You'll find Wellbutrin under various brand names, such as:

• Wellbutrin
• Aplenzin
• Zyban

With its wide range of uses and effectiveness, Wellbutrin has become a valuable tool in the world of mental health and addiction treatment. At the same time, its widespread use makes it more easily accessible and ups the dependency and addiction rate.

How Wellbutrin Works

Wellbutrin's primary mechanism of action involves regulating two crucial neurotransmitters in the brain: norepinephrine and dopamine. These neurotransmitters are responsible for mood regulation and motivation.

Wellbutrin “inhibits the reuptake” of these neurotransmitters, which means it prevents the brain from recycling them too quickly. This inhibition allows norepinephrine and dopamine to remain active in the brain for longer periods. This results in improved mood and reduced cravings, particularly for nicotine, making Zyban valuable for those looking to quit smoking. In essence, Wellbutrin helps maintain the balance of essential brain chemicals, leading to enhanced mood and reduced cravings. Changes in dopamine and norepinephrine levels can lead to both physical and psychological effects, so awareness of these effects is important for safe use.

Why Is Wellbutrin Addictive? 

Misusing Wellbutrin allows individuals to bypass the sustained or extended-release properties of the drug. Consequently, the brain experiences a sudden rush of neurotransmitters, resulting in stimulant effects.

Taking higher than prescribed doses or higher doses of Wellbutrin increases the risk of bupropion misuse and addiction. Wellbutrin's stimulant-like effects can also contribute to stimulant use disorder in some individuals.

Wellbutrin Dependence

The usage of antidepressants like Wellbutrin has been on the rise globally. While some individuals may take them for only a few weeks, others continue their use for years, and in some cases, this extended use can lead to dependence on the effects they provide. Individuals with a history of mental illness, mental health disorders, or substance use disorders may be at increased risk for developing Wellbutrin dependence.

Wellbutrin Abuse

While Wellbutrin is generally safe for use under the direct supervision of a doctor, some individuals have found ways to misuse it recreationally. Typically, Wellbutrin tablets are designed to be swallowed whole. However, those who abuse Wellbutrin often resort to chewing the pills or crushing them to sniff the resulting powder. In some cases, they may even dissolve the powder in water and inject it, although this method carries significant risks, including infection and damage to blood vessels, among other dangers.

Misusing Wellbutrin, whether by crushing, snorting, or taking excessive doses, can cause harmful and dangerous side effects. Such misuse also increases the risk of developing tolerance, dependence, and Wellbutrin addiction over time.

Can You Get High on Wellbutrin (Bupropion)? 

Yes, you can get high on Wellbutrin (bupropion). Some people abuse Wellbutrin by taking very large doses in an attempt to achieve a high. There are documented cases of bupropion abusers reporting receiving a high.

Wellbutrin Addiction Risks and Signs

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) addiction is becoming more and more common, and it's important to know what to look out for. Individuals with a history of prescription drug abuse or drug and alcohol addiction may be at a higher risk of developing Wellbutrin addiction. Many cocaine users turn to abusing bupropion (Wellbutrin) when unable to obtain cocaine, seeking a readily available and affordable alternative.

Wellbutrin Addiction Symptoms

If someone is struggling with Wellbutrin addiction, there are telltale behaviors to look out for. Wellbutrin addiction symptoms often include:

• Staying awake for extended periods or experiencing difficulty sleeping
• Heightened energy levels and increased activity
• Loss of appetite
• Excessive excitement, happiness, or elation
• A sudden boost in self-esteem
• Prescription shopping - seeking multiple prescriptions for Wellbutrin from different doctors
• Depressive symptoms or the recurrence of depressive episodes, especially during withdrawal or relapse
• Sexual dysfunction, which is less common with Wellbutrin compared to other antidepressants, but can still occur in some cases

Individuals who have developed Wellbutrin addiction should seek professional help to address their condition. 

Wellbutrin Side Effects 

Like any medication, Wellbutrin is associated with potential side effects.

These can include:

• Insomnia
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Headaches
• Weight loss

Unlike many other antidepressants, Wellbutrin is less likely to cause weight gain, making it a preferred option for patients concerned about this side effect.

How Long Do Wellbutrin Side Effects Last?

Wellbutrin side effects take anywhere between a few days and several weeks to go away. However, if side effects persist or worsen, it is advisable to talk to a doctor. 

Severe Wellbutrin Side Effects

Wellbutrin abuse can also lead to dangerous side effects. There have been documented cases of bupropion overdose, stemming from intentional abuse, suicide attempts, and accidental poisoning. The effects of a Wellbutrin overdose can be profound and alarming, including:

• Agitation
• Vertigo
• Involuntary muscle contractions
• Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
• Hallucinations
• Seizures

The likelihood of seizures occurring increases with the dose of bupropion ingested, making this a particularly dangerous side effect for abusers. In severe cases, Wellbutrin overdose has proven to be fatal.

Injection use of Wellbutrin poses especially high risks. Bupropion pills contain ingredients not intended for injection, and abusing the drug intravenously can lead to severe side effects, such as skin lesions, blood vessel damage, and, tragically, even death.

Wellbutrin Withdrawal

In addition to the physical risks associated with Wellbutrin abuse, some people have reported experiencing withdrawal symptoms when they stopped taking the drug, including irritability and depressed mood. As with any potentially addictive substance, abusers may prioritize obtaining and using Wellbutrin over other essential aspects of life, such as work responsibilities and maintaining relationships with family and friends.

Behavioral therapy and group therapy can provide valuable support for individuals during withdrawal and recovery from Wellbutrin misuse.

Wellbutrin Addiction Treatment

Withdrawal symptoms during Wellbutrin detox are typically milder compared to other antidepressants, given its limited impact on serotonin levels. However, individuals addicted to Wellbutrin may encounter withdrawal symptoms if they suddenly cease using it. 

While Wellbutrin detox is generally associated with less severe withdrawal symptoms, seeking professional guidance during this phase is a wise choice. It ensures that any potential issues, including suicidal thoughts, are managed expertly. Medical detox programs for Wellbutrin addiction gradually taper the person's bupropion dose, making the withdrawal process safer and more comfortable.

Upon completing Wellbutrin detox, individuals may explore additional treatment options, such as inpatient rehab or sober living programs, to continue their journey to addiction recovery. These programs offer structured and supportive environments, providing the necessary tools and resources for long-term well-being.

Avenues Recovery Can Help You Recover From Wellbutrin Addiction

Wellbutrin can be addictive if misused. If you or a loved one are struggling with Wellbutrin addiction or any substance use disorder, remember that help is available. Avenues Recovery Center is dedicated to providing compassionate, personalized addiction treatment through a range of evidence-based therapies, a supportive community, and experienced professionals. Our staff are experts in the field of addiction and have helped thousands of people turn their lives around.  Contact Avenues and take that first step towards a healthier, happier life today.

FAQ: Wellbutrin and Addiction

How does Wellbutrin help quit smoking?

Wellbutrin helps reduce cravings for tobacco and makes the discomfort of nicotine withdrawal more manageable. Under the name Zyban, bupropion has proven effective as a smoking cessation aid. The best part about Zyban is that you don't need to have depression or its symptoms to receive a prescription. For an even better chance at success, those planning to use Zyban to quit smoking can consider combining it with other nicotine replacement methods, such as nicotine gum, inhalers, or patches. 

Is Wellbutrin safe to take?

Yes, Wellbutrin is considered safe for most people when you take it exactly as prescribed by your doctor. But it’s not risk-free. If you misuse it (like crushing, snorting, or taking too much), it can lead to serious problems like seizures or even addiction. Individuals with a history of seizure disorder or bipolar disorder should consult their doctor before taking Wellbutrin, as these conditions can increase the risk of adverse effects. Also, be sure to inform your provider about all other medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions. Bottom line: stick to your prescribed dose, and talk to your provider if anything feels off.

What could happen if someone abuses Wellbutrin?

Misusing Wellbutrin can seriously mess with your system. People have reported things like paranoia, racing heart, and hallucinations, and seizures, which are a major risk, especially at high doses. Exceeding the maximum dose can lead to serious adverse effects and increase the risk of bupropion toxicity, which may result in life-threatening complications. Snorting or injecting it makes things even worse and could lead to long-term damage or overdose.

Can I just stop taking Wellbutrin on my own?

It’s better not to. Stopping Wellbutrin suddenly can bring on mood crashes, anxiety, or withdrawal symptoms. If you’re thinking about coming off it — or you feel like it’s not working — talk to your doctor first and discuss dose reduction. Dose reduction should always be done under medical supervision to minimize withdrawal symptoms and prevent adverse effects. Your healthcare provider will help you taper off safely.